New Softcover Edition 2
Get Your FREE Copy of
Return to Order

Home

Leo XIV’s Journey to France: “Deus Vult”? Or “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”?

Leo XIV’s Journey to France: “Deus Vult”? Or “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”?

Leo XIV’s Journey to France: “Deus Vult”? Or “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”? Peoples and nations—as well as individuals—receive from God a mission according to the designs of His Providence. In relation...
Continue reading
Parish Faces Opposition as it Reclaims its Catholic Architectural Heritage

Parish Faces Opposition as it Reclaims its Catholic Architectural Heritage

Parish Faces Opposition as it Reclaims its Catholic Architectural Heritage Parish Faces Opposition as it Reclaims its Catholic Architectural Heritage In Portland, Oregon, a suburban parish’s decision to...
Continue reading
Chinese Firms Rent Surrogate Grandchildren to an Aging Population

Chinese Firms Rent Surrogate Grandchildren to an Aging Population

Chinese Firms Rent Surrogate Grandchildren to an Aging Population A recent article in The Washington Post described a troubling new business trend in China, renting out adult grandchildren to elderly people...
Continue reading
Socialist Mayor Aims to Put Small Business Owners Out of Business

Socialist Mayor Aims to Put Small Business Owners Out of Business

Socialist Mayor Aims to Put Small Business Owners Out of Business What socialism promises and what it delivers are two different things, and New York City’s small-market owners are now finding out firsthand....
Continue reading
The Cristero War – A Mexican Saga of Piety, Fidelity and Courage Under Fire

The Cristero War – A Mexican Saga of Piety, Fidelity and Courage Under Fire

The Cristero War – A Mexican Saga of Piety, Fidelity and Courage Under Fire “Long live Christ the King! Long live Our Lady of Guadalupe!” Exactly one hundred years ago, this cry of militant Faith echoed...
Continue reading
When It Comes to Illegal Mass Immigration, a Listening Church Stops Listening…

When It Comes to Illegal Mass Immigration, a Listening Church Stops Listening…

When It Comes to Illegal Mass Immigration, a Listening Church Stops Listening… One of the buzzwords that dominates the Catholic Church these days is “listening.” In the synodal church, bishops and clergy...
Continue reading
At Box Stores, Instant Delivery is the New “Now”

At Box Stores, Instant Delivery is the New “Now”

At Box Stores, Instant Delivery is the New “Now” Shopping increasingly revolves around the word “now.” It is no longer the old pastime some people casually enjoy, and others hate. Many people do not deliberate...
Continue reading
Luther’s Shadow in 'Amoris Laetitia'—Rome Bishops’ Meeting

Luther’s Shadow in 'Amoris Laetitia'—Rome Bishops’ Meeting

Luther’s Shadow in Amoris Laetitia—Rome Bishops’ Meeting Pope Leo XIV has called the presidents of bishops’ conferences to Rome from Oct. 7—14 for a weeklong gathering on Pope Francis’s apostolic exhortation...
Continue reading
The Summit Is Over: Six Reasons Why We Can’t Trust Red China

The Summit Is Over: Six Reasons Why We Can’t Trust Red China

The Summit Is Over: Six Reasons Why We Can’t Trust Red China Chinese leader Xi Jinping’s visit is fast fading into the past. After the extravaganza honoring the Chinese Communist Party leader, Americans...
Continue reading
Saint Catherine de Ricci Braved Purgatory’s Pains to Assist a Prince’s Soul

Saint Catherine de Ricci Braved Purgatory’s Pains to Assist a Prince’s Soul

Saint Catherine de Ricci Braved Purgatory’s Pains to Assist a Prince’s Soul This article is the fourteenth part of a series about Purgatory, a topic that is rarely discussed today. A knowledge of Purgatory...
Continue reading

View Archive

Footnotes

  1. Gregory IX, “Letter to Louis IX of France” (Oct. 21, 1239), quoted by St. Pius X in “Parole del Santo Padre Pio X—Pubblicazione dei decreti sulle virtù eroiche di: Giovanna d’Arco, Givoanni Eudes, Francesco de Capillas, Giovanni Teofano Vénard e compagni (Dec. 13, 1908), https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-x/it/speeches/documents/hf_p-x_spe_19081213_decreto-beatificazione.html. [Translations from foreign sources are mine. In quotes, my emphasis is shown in italics, while original emphasis is shown in bold.]
  2. See Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira, Revolution and Counter-Revolution (Spring Grove, Penn.: The American Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family and Property, 1993), part 1, chaps. 2 and 3.
  3. See René Grousset, The Epic of the Crusades, trans. Noel Lindsay (New York: Orion Press, 1970), 4.
  4. “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity,” Elysee.fr, accessed Oct. 2, 2026, https://www.elysee.fr/en/french-presidency/liberty-equality-fraternity.
  5. “5 décembre 1790 “Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité” Robespierre (Discours sur l’organisation des gardes nationales), Gauchemip.org, Apr. 4, 2018, https://www.gauchemip.org/spip.php?article4407. (CAPS in the original.)
  6. Pius IX, encyclical Nostis et nobiscum (Dec. 8, 1849), https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-ix/it/documents/enciclica-nostis-et-nobiscum-8-dicembre-1849.html.
  7. Partido Comunista Português–Organização Regional de Lisboa, “Liberdade, Igualdade, Fraternidade—A grande Revolução Francesa de 1789 e suas repercussões,” ABC do Marxismo-Leninismo A, no. 4 (1976) (Lisbo: Editorial Avante!), https://www.marxists.org/portugues/tematica/livros/abc-marxismo/a04.htm.
  8. See Axel Chouvel, “‘Que Dieu bénisse la France’: Ces 4 jours où Léon XIV a enthousiasmé les Français,” Le Figaro, Sept. 28, 2026, https://video.lefigaro.fr/figaro/que-dieu-benisse-la-france-ces-4-jours-ou-leon-xiv-a-enthousiasme-les-francais-20260928.
  9. Leo XIV, “Address of Pope Leo XIV—Meeting with the Authorities, Civil Society, and the Diplomatic Corps at the Élysée Palace (Sept. 25, 2026), Vatican.va, https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiv/en/speeches/2026/september/documents/20260925-francia-autorita.html.
  10. Klemens Löffler, “Humanism,” The Catholic Encyclopedia (New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910), 7:538, https://archive.org/details/catholicencyclop07herbuoft/page/538/mode/1up .
  11. William Bristow, “Enlightenment,” in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. Edward N. Zalta and Uri Nodelman, (Fall 2023), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2023/entries/enlightenment.
  12. See Adrien Dansette, Under the Third Republic, vol. 2 of Religious History of Modern France, trans. John Dingle (New York: Herder and Herder, 1961).
  13. Canon 1752 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law states: “The salvation of souls, which must always be the supreme law in the Church, is to be kept before one’s eyes.” Accessed Oct. 11, 2026, https://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/eng/documents/cic_lib7-cann1732-1752_en.html.
  14. Pius X, “Allocutio—Habita occasione impositionis b freti novis cardinalibus [Consistorial Allocution Vi ringrazio] (Nov. 29, 1911), in Acta Apostolicae Sedis [Rome: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1911], [year 3, vol. 3], 657, https://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-03-1911-ocr.pdf.
  15. https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/nyc-city-run-grocery-store-lawsuit/
  16. https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/nyc-city-run-grocery-store-lawsuit/
  17. https://www.latintimes.com/bodega-coalition-sues-mamdani-over-city-run-grocery-store-plan-598826
  18. https://patch.com/new-york/new-york-city/nyc-owned-grocery-plan-sued-lawsuit-explained
  19. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/aug/25/zohran-mamdani-lawsuit-city-owned-grocery-stores
  20. https://nypost.com/2026/08/24/business/immigrant-grocers-sue-mamdani-compare-nyc-plan-for-government-owned-supermarkets-to-walmart/
  21. https://www.nyc.gov/mayors-office/news/2026/07/mayor-mamdani-unveils-30–discount—including-all-produce–all-
  22. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/aug/25/zohran-mamdani-lawsuit-city-owned-grocery-stores
  23. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mission_Mercal
  24. https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/nyc-city-run-grocery-store-lawsuit/
  25. Leo XIV, “Message of His Holiness Pope Leo XIV on the Occasion of the Tenth Anniversary of the Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Amoris Laetitia,” Vatican.va, Mar. 19, 2026, https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiv/en/messages/pont-messages/2026/documents/20260319-messaggio-amorislaetitia.html. (All emphasis of this article’s author is in italics. Original emphasis is shown in bold.)
  26. See Luiz Sérgio Solimeo, “A New and Confusing Explanation of ‘Amoris Laetitia,’” TFP.org, Mar. 20, 2017, https://www.tfp.org/new-confusing-explanation-amoris-laetitia/.
  27. Pope Francis, post-synodal apostolic exhortation Amoris laetitia, Vatican.va, https://www.vatican.va/content/dam/francesco/pdf/apost_exhortations/documents/papa-francesco_esortazione-ap_20160319_amoris-laetitia_en.pdf.
  28. See Luiz Sérgio Solimeo, “Because of Its Grave Errors ‘Amoris Laetitia’ Should Be Rejected,” TFP.org, May 4, 2016, https://www.tfp.org/because-of-its-grave-errors-amoris-laetitia-should-be-rejected/.
  29. Michele M. Ippolito, “Padre Lanzetta (Francescani dell’Immacolata): “La correctio Filialis è un atto d’amore verso il Papa,” LaFedeQuotidiana.it, Dec. 28, 2017, https://web.archive.org/web/20190721215057/http://www.lafedequotidiana.it/padre-lanzetta-francescani-dellimmacolata-la-correctio-filialis-un-atto-damore-verso-papa/, accessed Sept. 30, 2026.
  30. Edward Pentin, “Full Text and Explanatory Notes of Cardinals’ Questions on ‘Amoris Laetitia,’” National Catholic Register, Nov. 14, 2016, https://www.ncregister.com/blog/full-text-and-explanatory-notes-of-cardinals-questions-on-amoris-laetitia.
  31. Pope Francis, “Conferencia de prensa del Santo Padre durante el vuelo de regreso a Roma,” Vatican.va, Apr. 16, 2016, https://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/es/speeches/2016/april/documents/papa-francesco_20160416_lesvos-volo-ritorno.html. (Our translation.)
  32. Henry Denzinger, The Sources of Catholic Dogma, trans. Roy J. Deferrari (Fitzwilliam, NH: Loreto Publications, n.d.) 456, https://thoughtfulcatholic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Denzinger-The-Sources-Of-Catholic-Dogma-reduced.pdf.
  33. See “Correctio filialis de haeresibus propagatis,” “Summary of the ‘Filial Correction,’” https://www.correctiofilialis.org/, accessed Sept. 30, 2026. See also “Correctio filialis de haeresibus propagatis,” https://www.correctiofilialis.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Correctio-filialis_English_1.pdf.
  34. “Summary of the ‘Filial Correction.’”
  35. “Summary”
  36. Luciano Moia, “Amoris laetitia e Lutero, quegli incroci sorprendenti,” Avvenire, Dec. 12, 2024, https://www.avvenire.it/famiglia/amoris-laetitia-e-lutero-quegli-incroci-sorprendenti_83609. (Our translation.) See also: Stefano Fontana, “Luther Exalted by Italian Bishops’ Daily as Precursor of Amoris Laetitia,” NewDailyCompass.com, Dec. 16, 2024, https://newdailycompass.com/en/luther-exalted-by-italian-bishops-daily-as-precursor-of-amoris-laetitia.
  37. M. Luther, Werke, (Weimar Edition), 56, 272 & 513; See Erwin Iserloh, Joseph Glazik, and Hubert Jedin, Reformation and Counter Reformation, trans. Anselm Biggs and Peter W. Becker (London: Burns & Oates, 1980), 27, https://archive.org/details/reformationcount0005iser/page/n6/mode/1up.
  38. “Let Your Sins Be Strong: A Letter From Luther to Melanchthon,” Letter no. 99, August 1, 1521, from the Wartburg (Segment), translated by Erika Bullmann Flores, from: _Dr. Martin Luther’s Saemmtliche Schriften_, Dr. Johannes Georg Walch, Ed. (St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, n.d.), 15:2585—90, https://www.projectwittenberg.org/pub/resources/text/wittenberg/luther/letsinsbe.txt.
  39. Pius XI, encyclical Casti connubii (on Christian marriage) (Dec. 31, 1930), nos. 19, 23, https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-xi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-xi_enc_19301231_casti-connubii.html.
  40. All quotations in this article (unless another source is mentioned) use the 1905 version of Father F. X. Schouppe’s Purgatory, published in Great Britain by Burns, Oates and Washbourne, Ltd. It is in the public domain and available through the Internet Archive. The spellings of certain words may have been Americanized.