Footnotes
- Gregory IX, “Letter to Louis IX of France” (Oct. 21, 1239), quoted by St. Pius X in “Parole del Santo Padre Pio X—Pubblicazione dei decreti sulle virtù eroiche di: Giovanna d’Arco, Givoanni Eudes, Francesco de Capillas, Giovanni Teofano Vénard e compagni (Dec. 13, 1908), https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-x/it/speeches/documents/hf_p-x_spe_19081213_decreto-beatificazione.html. [Translations from foreign sources are mine. In quotes, my emphasis is shown in italics, while original emphasis is shown in bold.]
- See Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira, Revolution and Counter-Revolution (Spring Grove, Penn.: The American Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family and Property, 1993), part 1, chaps. 2 and 3.
- See René Grousset, The Epic of the Crusades, trans. Noel Lindsay (New York: Orion Press, 1970), 4.
- “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity,” Elysee.fr, accessed Oct. 2, 2026, https://www.elysee.fr/en/french-presidency/liberty-equality-fraternity.
- “5 décembre 1790 “Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité” Robespierre (Discours sur l’organisation des gardes nationales), Gauchemip.org, Apr. 4, 2018, https://www.gauchemip.org/spip.php?article4407. (CAPS in the original.)
- Pius IX, encyclical Nostis et nobiscum (Dec. 8, 1849), https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-ix/it/documents/enciclica-nostis-et-nobiscum-8-dicembre-1849.html.
- Partido Comunista Português–Organização Regional de Lisboa, “Liberdade, Igualdade, Fraternidade—A grande Revolução Francesa de 1789 e suas repercussões,” ABC do Marxismo-Leninismo A, no. 4 (1976) (Lisbo: Editorial Avante!), https://www.marxists.org/portugues/tematica/livros/abc-marxismo/a04.htm.
- See Axel Chouvel, “‘Que Dieu bénisse la France’: Ces 4 jours où Léon XIV a enthousiasmé les Français,” Le Figaro, Sept. 28, 2026, https://video.lefigaro.fr/figaro/que-dieu-benisse-la-france-ces-4-jours-ou-leon-xiv-a-enthousiasme-les-francais-20260928.
- Leo XIV, “Address of Pope Leo XIV—Meeting with the Authorities, Civil Society, and the Diplomatic Corps at the Élysée Palace (Sept. 25, 2026), Vatican.va, https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiv/en/speeches/2026/september/documents/20260925-francia-autorita.html.
- Klemens Löffler, “Humanism,” The Catholic Encyclopedia (New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910), 7:538, https://archive.org/details/catholicencyclop07herbuoft/page/538/mode/1up .
- William Bristow, “Enlightenment,” in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. Edward N. Zalta and Uri Nodelman, (Fall 2023), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2023/entries/enlightenment.
- See Adrien Dansette, Under the Third Republic, vol. 2 of Religious History of Modern France, trans. John Dingle (New York: Herder and Herder, 1961).
- Canon 1752 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law states: “The salvation of souls, which must always be the supreme law in the Church, is to be kept before one’s eyes.” Accessed Oct. 11, 2026, https://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/eng/documents/cic_lib7-cann1732-1752_en.html.
- Pius X, “Allocutio—Habita occasione impositionis b freti novis cardinalibus [Consistorial Allocution Vi ringrazio] (Nov. 29, 1911), in Acta Apostolicae Sedis [Rome: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1911], [year 3, vol. 3], 657, https://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-03-1911-ocr.pdf.
- https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/nyc-city-run-grocery-store-lawsuit/
- https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/nyc-city-run-grocery-store-lawsuit/
- https://www.latintimes.com/bodega-coalition-sues-mamdani-over-city-run-grocery-store-plan-598826
- https://patch.com/new-york/new-york-city/nyc-owned-grocery-plan-sued-lawsuit-explained
- https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/aug/25/zohran-mamdani-lawsuit-city-owned-grocery-stores
- https://nypost.com/2026/08/24/business/immigrant-grocers-sue-mamdani-compare-nyc-plan-for-government-owned-supermarkets-to-walmart/
- https://www.nyc.gov/mayors-office/news/2026/07/mayor-mamdani-unveils-30–discount—including-all-produce–all-
- https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/aug/25/zohran-mamdani-lawsuit-city-owned-grocery-stores
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mission_Mercal
- https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/nyc-city-run-grocery-store-lawsuit/
- Leo XIV, “Message of His Holiness Pope Leo XIV on the Occasion of the Tenth Anniversary of the Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Amoris Laetitia,” Vatican.va, Mar. 19, 2026, https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiv/en/messages/pont-messages/2026/documents/20260319-messaggio-amorislaetitia.html. (All emphasis of this article’s author is in italics. Original emphasis is shown in bold.)
- See Luiz Sérgio Solimeo, “A New and Confusing Explanation of ‘Amoris Laetitia,’” TFP.org, Mar. 20, 2017, https://www.tfp.org/new-confusing-explanation-amoris-laetitia/.
- Pope Francis, post-synodal apostolic exhortation Amoris laetitia, Vatican.va, https://www.vatican.va/content/dam/francesco/pdf/apost_exhortations/documents/papa-francesco_esortazione-ap_20160319_amoris-laetitia_en.pdf.
- See Luiz Sérgio Solimeo, “Because of Its Grave Errors ‘Amoris Laetitia’ Should Be Rejected,” TFP.org, May 4, 2016, https://www.tfp.org/because-of-its-grave-errors-amoris-laetitia-should-be-rejected/.
- Michele M. Ippolito, “Padre Lanzetta (Francescani dell’Immacolata): “La correctio Filialis è un atto d’amore verso il Papa,” LaFedeQuotidiana.it, Dec. 28, 2017, https://web.archive.org/web/20190721215057/http://www.lafedequotidiana.it/padre-lanzetta-francescani-dellimmacolata-la-correctio-filialis-un-atto-damore-verso-papa/, accessed Sept. 30, 2026.
- Edward Pentin, “Full Text and Explanatory Notes of Cardinals’ Questions on ‘Amoris Laetitia,’” National Catholic Register, Nov. 14, 2016, https://www.ncregister.com/blog/full-text-and-explanatory-notes-of-cardinals-questions-on-amoris-laetitia.
- Pope Francis, “Conferencia de prensa del Santo Padre durante el vuelo de regreso a Roma,” Vatican.va, Apr. 16, 2016, https://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/es/speeches/2016/april/documents/papa-francesco_20160416_lesvos-volo-ritorno.html. (Our translation.)
- Henry Denzinger, The Sources of Catholic Dogma, trans. Roy J. Deferrari (Fitzwilliam, NH: Loreto Publications, n.d.) 456, https://thoughtfulcatholic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Denzinger-The-Sources-Of-Catholic-Dogma-reduced.pdf.
- See “Correctio filialis de haeresibus propagatis,” “Summary of the ‘Filial Correction,’” https://www.correctiofilialis.org/, accessed Sept. 30, 2026. See also “Correctio filialis de haeresibus propagatis,” https://www.correctiofilialis.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Correctio-filialis_English_1.pdf.
- “Summary of the ‘Filial Correction.’”
- “Summary”
- Luciano Moia, “Amoris laetitia e Lutero, quegli incroci sorprendenti,” Avvenire, Dec. 12, 2024, https://www.avvenire.it/famiglia/amoris-laetitia-e-lutero-quegli-incroci-sorprendenti_83609. (Our translation.) See also: Stefano Fontana, “Luther Exalted by Italian Bishops’ Daily as Precursor of Amoris Laetitia,” NewDailyCompass.com, Dec. 16, 2024, https://newdailycompass.com/en/luther-exalted-by-italian-bishops-daily-as-precursor-of-amoris-laetitia.
- M. Luther, Werke, (Weimar Edition), 56, 272 & 513; See Erwin Iserloh, Joseph Glazik, and Hubert Jedin, Reformation and Counter Reformation, trans. Anselm Biggs and Peter W. Becker (London: Burns & Oates, 1980), 27, https://archive.org/details/reformationcount0005iser/page/n6/mode/1up.
- “Let Your Sins Be Strong: A Letter From Luther to Melanchthon,” Letter no. 99, August 1, 1521, from the Wartburg (Segment), translated by Erika Bullmann Flores, from: _Dr. Martin Luther’s Saemmtliche Schriften_, Dr. Johannes Georg Walch, Ed. (St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, n.d.), 15:2585—90, https://www.projectwittenberg.org/pub/resources/text/wittenberg/luther/letsinsbe.txt.
- Pius XI, encyclical Casti connubii (on Christian marriage) (Dec. 31, 1930), nos. 19, 23, https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-xi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-xi_enc_19301231_casti-connubii.html.
